____ competition in, 206, 214
____ compression, 123
____ control of, 232, 234
____ controls imposed via, 96-97, 140
____ costs of, 113
____ digital, 7-9
____ disruptive change of, 89-90, 91-92, 146, 175
____ distributed, 136
____ experimentation in, 10
____ falling costs of, 7, 8
____ innovation in, 5, 9-11, 48, 200
____ for local control, 192
____ and markets, 114-115
____ and media outlets, 116, 118
____ new, congressional dealings with, 108-110, 190
____ possible but not profitable, 48
____ potential for, 10, 263
____ probable returns of, 90
____ progress in, 5
____ protection by, 256
____ retrofitting by, 139
____ scarcity of, 47
____ streaming, 127, 137
____ unpredictable future uses of, 39
____ wireless, 82
____ _see_also_specific_technology_
telecommunications:
____ alternative systems of, 31-34
____ and Communications Act, 155
____ end-to-end network in, 149-151
____ government intervention in, 27, 45, 81, 148, 161, 221
____ innovation in, 45, 176
____ research in, 29-30
____ wires of, 26-34, 45-48, 88, 147, 148-149, 152, 154-155, 163-164
telephone system:
____ AT&T, 24, 26-34, 44, 62
____ Bell system of, 27
____ and birth of the Internet, 44-46, 148-149
____ circuit-switching technology for, 33
____ competition in, 27, 28-29, 32-33, 158
____ DSL in, 154-155, 248
____ independents in, 28
____ innovation in, 30
____ Internet wired to, 44-48
____ layers of, 24, 25
____ modems connected to, 45
____ packet-switching technology for, 31-34, 46
____ patents of, 27
____ security of, 26-27, 31-34
____ selective interconnection in, 28, 29
____ universal service in, 28
____ wires of, 147, 148-149, 152, 154-155
television:
____ and AOL Time Warner, 7
____ cable, _see_ cable television
____ competition and, 132
____ freedoms in, 111, 112
____ and iCraveTV, 190-192
____ and Internet content, 162, 190-192
____ pay-per-view, 153
____ satellite TV, 153
____ as spectrum guzzler, 243
____ and VCR, 195
____ wires of, 152
Thompson, Ken, 51-52, 55
Time Warner, AOL merger with, 7, 164-166, 267
_Titanic,_ 73
Tonga, high-speed Internet access in, 80-81
Torvalds, Linus, 54-55, 57, 62
town square, as commons, 87
trademark law, 204-5
tragedy of the commons, 22, 23, 48, 168
____ in innovation, 175-176, 177
____ in spectrum, 229
transaction costs, 210
transistor, invention of, 29
transparency, nature of, 71
trespass:
____ by bots, 169-170
____ classic definition of, 170
Turner, Ted, 152
_Twelve_Monkeys_ (film), 4
_2001,_ 196

uncertainty:
____ and free vs. controlled resources, 88-89
____ plasticity and, 39
Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act (UCITA), 257
_United_States_ v. _Microsoft,_ 61-68, 246, 262, 264

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